sweater or cardigan
of In 1974, as the United States was reeling from the oil embargo imposed
by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, Congress took the
firstmany legislative steps to promote ethanol made from corn as an
alternative fuel. On April 18, 1977, amid mounting calls for energy
independence, President Jimmy Carter donned his cardigan sweater and
appeared on television to tell Americans that balancing energy demands
with available domestic resources would be an effort the "moral
equivalent of war." The gradual phaseout of lead in the 1970s and 1980s
provided an additional boost to the fledgling ethanol industry. (Lead,
a toxic substance, is a performance enhancer when added to gasoline,
and it was partly replaced by ethanol.) A series of tax breaksand
subsidies also helped. In spite of these measures, with each passing
year the United States became more dependent on imported petroleum, and
ethanol remained marginal at best.
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